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human liver epithelial cell line thle 2 (ATCC)

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ATCC human liver epithelial cell line thle 2

Cell viability assays were conducted using the WST-1 method to evaluate the effects of valproic acid (VPA) and bempedoic acid (BA), alone or in combination, on the viability of <t>THLE-2,</t> Hep3B, and Huh7 cells. (A) The outlines of the WST-1 assay protocol were followed in the study. The effects of (B) valproic acid (0,1, and 2mM), (C) bempedoic acid (0,10, and 25μM), and (D) their combinations on THLE-2 cells, respectively. Similarly, (E–G) show the effects on Hep3B cells and (H–J) present corresponding data for Huh7 cells. Cell viability was measured at 72 and 96 hours post-treatment, as shown at the top of each plot. Red-highlighted values indicate fold change inhibitory effects compared to the control, where values less than one indicate inhibition and values greater than one represent stimulation. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns-non-significant. Analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Data are shown as mean ± SD.

Human Liver Epithelial Cell Line Thle 2, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 596 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Average 96 stars, based on 596 article reviews

human liver epithelial cell line thle 2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-05

96/100 stars

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1) Product Images from "Simultaneous Inhibition of ACLY and OGDH Has a Synergistic Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines"

Article Title: Simultaneous Inhibition of ACLY and OGDH Has a Synergistic Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines

Journal: bioRxiv

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.19.716936

Figure Legend Snippet: Cell viability assays were conducted using the WST-1 method to evaluate the effects of valproic acid (VPA) and bempedoic acid (BA), alone or in combination, on the viability of THLE-2, Hep3B, and Huh7 cells. (A) The outlines of the WST-1 assay protocol were followed in the study. The effects of (B) valproic acid (0,1, and 2mM), (C) bempedoic acid (0,10, and 25μM), and (D) their combinations on THLE-2 cells, respectively. Similarly, (E–G) show the effects on Hep3B cells and (H–J) present corresponding data for Huh7 cells. Cell viability was measured at 72 and 96 hours post-treatment, as shown at the top of each plot. Red-highlighted values indicate fold change inhibitory effects compared to the control, where values less than one indicate inhibition and values greater than one represent stimulation. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns-non-significant. Analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Data are shown as mean ± SD.

Techniques Used: WST-1 Assay, Control, Inhibition

Image Search Results

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Simultaneous Inhibition of ACLY and OGDH Has a Synergistic Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.19.716936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell viability assays were conducted using the WST-1 method to evaluate the effects of valproic acid (VPA) and bempedoic acid (BA), alone or in combination, on the viability of THLE-2, Hep3B, and Huh7 cells. (A) The outlines of the WST-1 assay protocol were followed in the study. The effects of (B) valproic acid (0,1, and 2mM), (C) bempedoic acid (0,10, and 25μM), and (D) their combinations on THLE-2 cells, respectively. Similarly, (E–G) show the effects on Hep3B cells and (H–J) present corresponding data for Huh7 cells. Cell viability was measured at 72 and 96 hours post-treatment, as shown at the top of each plot. Red-highlighted values indicate fold change inhibitory effects compared to the control, where values less than one indicate inhibition and values greater than one represent stimulation. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns-non-significant. Analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA. Data are shown as mean ± SD.

Article Snippet: The immortalized human liver epithelial cell line THLE-2 and human HCC cell lines Hep3B were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: WST-1 Assay, Control, Inhibition

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting of ACTB and GAPDH genes in chicken DF-1 cells. (A, F) Schematic diagrams of the ACTB (A) and GAPDH (F) gene structures, showing CRISPR/Cas9 targeting sites. (B–E) Validation of ACTB targeting vectors. (B, D) T7E1 assays and (C, E) Sanger sequencing of DF-1 cells transfected with CRISPR/Cas9 constructs targeting the 3′ region (B, C) or intron (D, E). (G–J) Validation of GAPDH targeting vectors. (G, I) T7E1 assays and (H, J) Sanger sequencing of DF-1 cells transfected with constructs targeting the 3′ region (G, H) or intron (I, J). gRNA sequences are shown in red or blue, PAM sequences in yellow. Deleted bases are indicated by strikethrough lines, substitutions by italics, and insertions by lowercase letters.

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Highly efficient gene editing via targeted Cas9 insertion into chicken housekeeping gene

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106585

Figure Lengend Snippet: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting of ACTB and GAPDH genes in chicken DF-1 cells. (A, F) Schematic diagrams of the ACTB (A) and GAPDH (F) gene structures, showing CRISPR/Cas9 targeting sites. (B–E) Validation of ACTB targeting vectors. (B, D) T7E1 assays and (C, E) Sanger sequencing of DF-1 cells transfected with CRISPR/Cas9 constructs targeting the 3′ region (B, C) or intron (D, E). (G–J) Validation of GAPDH targeting vectors. (G, I) T7E1 assays and (H, J) Sanger sequencing of DF-1 cells transfected with constructs targeting the 3′ region (G, H) or intron (I, J). gRNA sequences are shown in red or blue, PAM sequences in yellow. Deleted bases are indicated by strikethrough lines, substitutions by italics, and insertions by lowercase letters.

Article Snippet: Chicken DF-1 fibroblast cells (ATCC® CRL-12203, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA) were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; HyClone, Cytiva, Marlborough, MA, USA) and 1 × antibiotic-antimycotic solution (Gibco).

Techniques: CRISPR, Biomarker Discovery, Sequencing, Transfection, Construct

Validation of Cas9-GFP knock-in at the ACTB and GAPDH loci in DF-1 Cells. (A) Schematic illustration of the 3′ region targeted and tagging CRISPR/Cas9 approaches. (B) Detection of GFP in ACTB and GAPDH targeted chicken DF-1 cells. Non-transfected wild-type (WT) DF-1 cells are shown as a control, appearing without fluorescence under standard and fluorescence microscopy. Cells successfully transfected with the knock-in vector constructs targeting ACTB and GAPDH genes exhibit green fluorescence, indicating expression of the reporter gene. Scale bar, 100 µm. (C) Knock-in-specific junction PCR of targeted sites. (D, F) Sequencing analysis of the 3′ region targeted knock-in in chicken DF-1 cells. The schematic illustrates the gene locus following CRISPR/Cas9-mediated insertion of a donor cassette at the 3′ region targeting site via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Sanger sequencing of the junction PCR products confirmed integration of the donor sequence in the adjacent genomic regions with indel mutations. (E, G) This schematic depicts the post-integration structure of each gene following CRISPR/Cas9-NHEJ-mediated targeted gene tagging. The donor plasmid was designed with GFP flanked by genomic homology arms corresponding to sequences adjacent to the targeted intron. Sanger sequencing of the junction PCR products confirmed integration of the donor sequence in the adjacent genomic regions with indel mutation.

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Highly efficient gene editing via targeted Cas9 insertion into chicken housekeeping gene

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106585

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of Cas9-GFP knock-in at the ACTB and GAPDH loci in DF-1 Cells. (A) Schematic illustration of the 3′ region targeted and tagging CRISPR/Cas9 approaches. (B) Detection of GFP in ACTB and GAPDH targeted chicken DF-1 cells. Non-transfected wild-type (WT) DF-1 cells are shown as a control, appearing without fluorescence under standard and fluorescence microscopy. Cells successfully transfected with the knock-in vector constructs targeting ACTB and GAPDH genes exhibit green fluorescence, indicating expression of the reporter gene. Scale bar, 100 µm. (C) Knock-in-specific junction PCR of targeted sites. (D, F) Sequencing analysis of the 3′ region targeted knock-in in chicken DF-1 cells. The schematic illustrates the gene locus following CRISPR/Cas9-mediated insertion of a donor cassette at the 3′ region targeting site via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Sanger sequencing of the junction PCR products confirmed integration of the donor sequence in the adjacent genomic regions with indel mutations. (E, G) This schematic depicts the post-integration structure of each gene following CRISPR/Cas9-NHEJ-mediated targeted gene tagging. The donor plasmid was designed with GFP flanked by genomic homology arms corresponding to sequences adjacent to the targeted intron. Sanger sequencing of the junction PCR products confirmed integration of the donor sequence in the adjacent genomic regions with indel mutation.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Knock-In, CRISPR, Transfection, Control, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Plasmid Preparation, Construct, Expressing, Sequencing, Non-Homologous End Joining, Mutagenesis

Validation of Cas9 activity in ACTB and GAPDH knock-in (KI) chicken DF-1 cells. (A) Gene structure of the intergenic region between DMRT1 and DMRT3 is depicted, showing exons as boxes and introns as lines, with the gRNA target site indicated. (B) T7E1 assay for KI DF-1 cells ( ACTB 3′ KI, ACTB tagging, GAPDH 3′ KI, and GAPDH tagging) followed by transfection with gRNA expressing vector. (C) Sanger sequencing analysis of KI chicken DF-1 cells ( GAPDH 3′ KI, and GAPDH tagging) transfected with DMRT gRNA are shown. gRNA sequences are shown in red, PAM sequences in yellow. The strikethrough lines indicate regions where base pairs have been deleted.

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Highly efficient gene editing via targeted Cas9 insertion into chicken housekeeping gene

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106585

Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of Cas9 activity in ACTB and GAPDH knock-in (KI) chicken DF-1 cells. (A) Gene structure of the intergenic region between DMRT1 and DMRT3 is depicted, showing exons as boxes and introns as lines, with the gRNA target site indicated. (B) T7E1 assay for KI DF-1 cells ( ACTB 3′ KI, ACTB tagging, GAPDH 3′ KI, and GAPDH tagging) followed by transfection with gRNA expressing vector. (C) Sanger sequencing analysis of KI chicken DF-1 cells ( GAPDH 3′ KI, and GAPDH tagging) transfected with DMRT gRNA are shown. gRNA sequences are shown in red, PAM sequences in yellow. The strikethrough lines indicate regions where base pairs have been deleted.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Activity Assay, Knock-In, Transfection, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Sequencing

Generation and validation of single-cell clones with Cas9-GFP knock-in at the GAPDH locus in chicken DF-1 cells. (A) Bright-field (BF) and GFP fluorescence images obtained after subculture following single-cell seeding. Each panel represents a clonal population derived from a single genome-edited cell. A total of 16 single-cell-derived clones were identified from the 96-well plates, of which 12 maintained consistent growth after subculture. Clone numbers correspond to the original 16 identified clones, and images of the 12 viable clones are shown. Scale bar, 100 µm. (B) PCR analysis of 12 single-cell-derived clones following subculture. Intron-targeted knock-in alleles were confirmed by 5′ junction PCR using junction-specific primers. The presence of residual wild-type (WT) alleles in individual clones was assessed using WT allele–specific primers. GAPDH PCR served as a genomic DNA quality control. (C) Relative Cas9 copy number was estimated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) using genomic DNA from each clone, normalized to the endogenous GAPDH reference locus (two copies in diploid cells). Bars represent the mean ± SD of technical qPCR replicates ( n = 3).

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Highly efficient gene editing via targeted Cas9 insertion into chicken housekeeping gene

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106585

Figure Lengend Snippet: Generation and validation of single-cell clones with Cas9-GFP knock-in at the GAPDH locus in chicken DF-1 cells. (A) Bright-field (BF) and GFP fluorescence images obtained after subculture following single-cell seeding. Each panel represents a clonal population derived from a single genome-edited cell. A total of 16 single-cell-derived clones were identified from the 96-well plates, of which 12 maintained consistent growth after subculture. Clone numbers correspond to the original 16 identified clones, and images of the 12 viable clones are shown. Scale bar, 100 µm. (B) PCR analysis of 12 single-cell-derived clones following subculture. Intron-targeted knock-in alleles were confirmed by 5′ junction PCR using junction-specific primers. The presence of residual wild-type (WT) alleles in individual clones was assessed using WT allele–specific primers. GAPDH PCR served as a genomic DNA quality control. (C) Relative Cas9 copy number was estimated by quantitative PCR (qPCR) using genomic DNA from each clone, normalized to the endogenous GAPDH reference locus (two copies in diploid cells). Bars represent the mean ± SD of technical qPCR replicates ( n = 3).

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Single Cell, Clone Assay, Knock-In, Fluorescence, Derivative Assay, Control, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Characterization of single-cell-derived Cas9-expressing DF-1 clones. (A) Flow cytometry analysis of GFP expression levels in GAPDH tagging clones. (B) Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of GFP in each clone. Data represents n = 3 biological replicates; bars show mean ± SD. ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P < 0.0001. (C) Western blot analysis of Cas9 and GAPDH protein expression in each clone. α-tubulin was used as a loading control. (D–E) Functional validation of genome editing capability in single-cell-derived Cas9-expressing DF-1 clones. A guide RNA (gRNA) expression vector targeting an internal region between DMRT1 and DMRT3 was transfected into each clone. As a control, wild-type (WT) DF-1 cells were co-transfected with the same gRNA vector and a transient Cas9 expression plasmid. (D) Genome editing activity was assessed by T7 endonuclease I (T7E1) assay. (E) Sanger sequencing of the target site confirmed indel formation at the expected genomic locus. gRNA sequences are shown in red, PAM sequences in yellow. Deleted bases are indicated by strikethrough lines, substitutions by italics, and insertions by lowercase letters.

Journal: Poultry Science

Article Title: Highly efficient gene editing via targeted Cas9 insertion into chicken housekeeping gene

doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106585

Figure Lengend Snippet: Characterization of single-cell-derived Cas9-expressing DF-1 clones. (A) Flow cytometry analysis of GFP expression levels in GAPDH tagging clones. (B) Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of GFP in each clone. Data represents n = 3 biological replicates; bars show mean ± SD. ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P < 0.0001. (C) Western blot analysis of Cas9 and GAPDH protein expression in each clone. α-tubulin was used as a loading control. (D–E) Functional validation of genome editing capability in single-cell-derived Cas9-expressing DF-1 clones. A guide RNA (gRNA) expression vector targeting an internal region between DMRT1 and DMRT3 was transfected into each clone. As a control, wild-type (WT) DF-1 cells were co-transfected with the same gRNA vector and a transient Cas9 expression plasmid. (D) Genome editing activity was assessed by T7 endonuclease I (T7E1) assay. (E) Sanger sequencing of the target site confirmed indel formation at the expected genomic locus. gRNA sequences are shown in red, PAM sequences in yellow. Deleted bases are indicated by strikethrough lines, substitutions by italics, and insertions by lowercase letters.

Techniques: Single Cell, Derivative Assay, Expressing, Clone Assay, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Control, Functional Assay, Biomarker Discovery, Plasmid Preparation, Transfection, Activity Assay, Sequencing

Nucleolar factors associated with FC/DFC are upregulated at both mRNA and protein level in HCC. Relative mRNA levels of ( A ) TCOF1 (Treacle), ( B ) UBF, ( C ) FBL (Fibrillarin), ( D ) NCL (nucleolin), and ( E ) NPM1 (nucleophosmin) measured by qPCR in HCC cells (PLC/PRF/5 and SNU-449) and control cells (THLE-3). GAPDH was used as the housekeeping gene, and fold change was determined relative to mRNA levels in THLE-3 cells. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, with statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA and indicated with numerical P -values. Protein levels of ( F ) Treacle, ( G ) UBF, ( H ) Fibrillarin, ( I ) nucleolin, and ( J ) nucleophosmin measured by WB in HCC cells (PLC/PRF/5 and SNU-449) and control cells (THLE-3). α-tubulin was used as a loading control (LC). The molecular weight in kDa is listed on the left side of the blots (left panel), and protein signals were determined in each cell line relative to the loading control (right panel). Individual points in the graphs represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, with statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA and indicated by numerical P -values.

Journal: NAR Cancer

Article Title: Ribosome biogenesis is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma and represents a potential therapeutic target

doi: 10.1093/narcan/zcaf058

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nucleolar factors associated with FC/DFC are upregulated at both mRNA and protein level in HCC. Relative mRNA levels of ( A ) TCOF1 (Treacle), ( B ) UBF, ( C ) FBL (Fibrillarin), ( D ) NCL (nucleolin), and ( E ) NPM1 (nucleophosmin) measured by qPCR in HCC cells (PLC/PRF/5 and SNU-449) and control cells (THLE-3). GAPDH was used as the housekeeping gene, and fold change was determined relative to mRNA levels in THLE-3 cells. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, with statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA and indicated with numerical P -values. Protein levels of ( F ) Treacle, ( G ) UBF, ( H ) Fibrillarin, ( I ) nucleolin, and ( J ) nucleophosmin measured by WB in HCC cells (PLC/PRF/5 and SNU-449) and control cells (THLE-3). α-tubulin was used as a loading control (LC). The molecular weight in kDa is listed on the left side of the blots (left panel), and protein signals were determined in each cell line relative to the loading control (right panel). Individual points in the graphs represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, with statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA and indicated by numerical P -values.

Article Snippet: Human osteosarcoma U2OS cells (#HTB-96), HCC cell lines PLC/PRF/5 (#CRL-8024), SNU-449 (#CRL-2234), and normal liver epithelial cells THLE-3 (#CRL-3583) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Control, Molecular Weight

Nucleolar expression of FC/DFC-associated factors is upregulated in HCC. Representative images of ( A ) Treacle (green), ( B ) UBF (green), ( C ) Fibrillarin (green), and ( D ) nucleolin (green) and nucleophosmin (magenta), and Pol II (yellow) in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. ( E ) Total nucleolar Treacle intensity per nucleus. Graphs depict one representative replicate ( n = 3) with data points representing individual cells and the median indicated by the red line. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to assess differences between groups for all three biological replicates combined, and statistical significance is indicated by numerical P -values. ( F ) Total nucleolar UBF intensity per nucleus otherwise as in panel (E). ( G ) Total nucleolar Fibrillarin intensity per nucleus, otherwise as in panel (E). ( H ) Total nucleolar nucleolin intensity per nucleus otherwise as in panel (E). (I) Total nucleolar nucleophosmin intensity per nucleus otherwise as in panel (E).

Journal: NAR Cancer

Article Title: Ribosome biogenesis is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma and represents a potential therapeutic target

doi: 10.1093/narcan/zcaf058

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nucleolar expression of FC/DFC-associated factors is upregulated in HCC. Representative images of ( A ) Treacle (green), ( B ) UBF (green), ( C ) Fibrillarin (green), and ( D ) nucleolin (green) and nucleophosmin (magenta), and Pol II (yellow) in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. ( E ) Total nucleolar Treacle intensity per nucleus. Graphs depict one representative replicate ( n = 3) with data points representing individual cells and the median indicated by the red line. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to assess differences between groups for all three biological replicates combined, and statistical significance is indicated by numerical P -values. ( F ) Total nucleolar UBF intensity per nucleus otherwise as in panel (E). ( G ) Total nucleolar Fibrillarin intensity per nucleus, otherwise as in panel (E). ( H ) Total nucleolar nucleolin intensity per nucleus otherwise as in panel (E). (I) Total nucleolar nucleophosmin intensity per nucleus otherwise as in panel (E).

Techniques: Expressing

rDNA transcription is increased in HCC. ( A ) Representative images of EU incorporation (green). THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells were stained with DAPI (blue) and an antibody against Pol II (yellow). ( B ) Total nucleolar EU intensity per nucleus as a readout for rDNA transcription in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. The graph depicts one representative biological replicate ( n = 3), with data points representing individual cells, and the median indicated by the red line. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to assess differences between groups for the replicates combined, and statistical significance is indicated by numerical P -values. ( C ) Nucleolar size measured through an inverse intensity-based mask of Pol II in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, and statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA is indicated with numerical P -values. ( D ) Number of nucleoli per nucleus in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells measured through an inverse intensity-based mask of Pol II. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, and statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA is indicated with numerical P -values. ( E ) Total nucleolar area otherwise as in panel (C).

Journal: NAR Cancer

Article Title: Ribosome biogenesis is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma and represents a potential therapeutic target

doi: 10.1093/narcan/zcaf058

Figure Lengend Snippet: rDNA transcription is increased in HCC. ( A ) Representative images of EU incorporation (green). THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells were stained with DAPI (blue) and an antibody against Pol II (yellow). ( B ) Total nucleolar EU intensity per nucleus as a readout for rDNA transcription in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. The graph depicts one representative biological replicate ( n = 3), with data points representing individual cells, and the median indicated by the red line. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to assess differences between groups for the replicates combined, and statistical significance is indicated by numerical P -values. ( C ) Nucleolar size measured through an inverse intensity-based mask of Pol II in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, and statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA is indicated with numerical P -values. ( D ) Number of nucleoli per nucleus in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells measured through an inverse intensity-based mask of Pol II. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD, and statistical significance assessed by one-way ANOVA is indicated with numerical P -values. ( E ) Total nucleolar area otherwise as in panel (C).

Techniques: Staining

Anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus inhibit cell viability in HCC. Drug response curves with corresponding IC 50 values and 95% CIs. Drugs were applied for 72 h, after which cell viability was assessed in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. ( A ) Drug response curve for CX-5461 with obtained IC 50 values and 95% CI (left panel). The graph shows the obtained IC 50 values represented as the mean ± SD (right panel). Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA and are indicated with numerical P -values. ( B ) Drug response curve for BMH-21 otherwise as in panel (A). ( C ) Drug response curve for Oxaliplatin, otherwise as in panel (A). ( D ) Drug response curve for JP-1302 otherwise as in panel (A). ( E ) Drug response curve for Sorafenib otherwise as in panel (A).

Journal: NAR Cancer

Article Title: Ribosome biogenesis is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma and represents a potential therapeutic target

doi: 10.1093/narcan/zcaf058

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus inhibit cell viability in HCC. Drug response curves with corresponding IC 50 values and 95% CIs. Drugs were applied for 72 h, after which cell viability was assessed in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells. ( A ) Drug response curve for CX-5461 with obtained IC 50 values and 95% CI (left panel). The graph shows the obtained IC 50 values represented as the mean ± SD (right panel). Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA and are indicated with numerical P -values. ( B ) Drug response curve for BMH-21 otherwise as in panel (A). ( C ) Drug response curve for Oxaliplatin, otherwise as in panel (A). ( D ) Drug response curve for JP-1302 otherwise as in panel (A). ( E ) Drug response curve for Sorafenib otherwise as in panel (A).

Techniques:

Nucleolar-targeting compounds inhibit nucleolar activity and induce selective DNA damage. ( A ) Representative images of EU incorporation (green) in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells 24 h after treatment with four anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus: CX-5461, BMH-21, Oxaliplatin, and JP-1302, or targeted therapy Sorafenib. Cells were treated with DMSO as control and were stained with DAPI (blue) and Pol II (yellow). ( B ) Mean nucleolar EU intensity per nucleus as a readout for rDNA transcription in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells 24 h after treatment with four anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus: CX-5461, BMH-21, Oxaliplatin, and JP-1302, or targeted therapy Sorafenib. Cells were treated with DMSO as control. The graph depicts one representative biological replicate ( n = 3), with data points representing individual cells, and the median indicated by the red line. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to assess differences between groups for the replicates combined, and statistical significance is indicated by numerical P -values. ( C ) Representative images of nuclear 53BP1 and γH2AX foci accumulation in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells 24 h after treatment with four anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus: CX-5461, BMH-21, Oxaliplatin, and JP-1302, or targeted therapy Sorafenib. Cells were treated with DMSO as control, and stained with DAPI (blue), 53BP1 (yellow), and γH2AX (red). ( D ) Fold change of nuclear 53BP1 foci per cell relative to DMSO. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD and statistical significance was assessed by one sample t test and indicated by numerical P -values. ( E ) Fold change of nuclear γH2AX foci per cell relative to DMSO otherwise as in panel (D).

Journal: NAR Cancer

Article Title: Ribosome biogenesis is increased in hepatocellular carcinoma and represents a potential therapeutic target

doi: 10.1093/narcan/zcaf058

Figure Lengend Snippet: Nucleolar-targeting compounds inhibit nucleolar activity and induce selective DNA damage. ( A ) Representative images of EU incorporation (green) in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells 24 h after treatment with four anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus: CX-5461, BMH-21, Oxaliplatin, and JP-1302, or targeted therapy Sorafenib. Cells were treated with DMSO as control and were stained with DAPI (blue) and Pol II (yellow). ( B ) Mean nucleolar EU intensity per nucleus as a readout for rDNA transcription in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells 24 h after treatment with four anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus: CX-5461, BMH-21, Oxaliplatin, and JP-1302, or targeted therapy Sorafenib. Cells were treated with DMSO as control. The graph depicts one representative biological replicate ( n = 3), with data points representing individual cells, and the median indicated by the red line. A Kruskal–Wallis test was applied to assess differences between groups for the replicates combined, and statistical significance is indicated by numerical P -values. ( C ) Representative images of nuclear 53BP1 and γH2AX foci accumulation in THLE-3, PLC/PRF/5, and SNU-449 cells 24 h after treatment with four anti-cancer drugs targeting the nucleolus: CX-5461, BMH-21, Oxaliplatin, and JP-1302, or targeted therapy Sorafenib. Cells were treated with DMSO as control, and stained with DAPI (blue), 53BP1 (yellow), and γH2AX (red). ( D ) Fold change of nuclear 53BP1 foci per cell relative to DMSO. Individual points in the graph represent biological replicates ( n = 3). The graph depicts the mean ± SD and statistical significance was assessed by one sample t test and indicated by numerical P -values. ( E ) Fold change of nuclear γH2AX foci per cell relative to DMSO otherwise as in panel (D).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Control, Staining

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1) Product Images from "Simultaneous Inhibition of ACLY and OGDH Has a Synergistic Effect on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines"

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